The Ministry of Defence announced the main changes introduced by the law on mobilisation
25 April 2024 13:50
The Ministry of Defence of Ukraine has issued an explanation of the law on mobilisation, which was signed by the President on 16 April and will come into force on 18 May. Read the article by Komersant ukrainskyi to find out what are the obligations of citizens, measures of influence for their non-fulfilment and when it is possible to postpone or reserve mobilisation 
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Basic service
According to the adopted law, from now on, male citizens of Ukraine (females – voluntarily) aged 18-25 who are fit for health reasons must undergo military training.
The referral process includes a medical examination, professional and psychological selection, a commission meeting, and arrival at a territorial centre for training. The organisation is carried out by district administrations and territorial centres in cooperation with local self-government bodies.
Basic military service in wartime will last up to 3 months, of which at least 1 month is basic general military training and up to 2 months is professional training, and in peacetime – up to 5 months, of which 3 months is general military training and 2 months is professional training.
Citizens will be sent for basic military service by district state administrations in cooperation with the Military Commissariats and local self-government bodies.
Conscripts who are studying or are temporarily unfit for military service for health reasons will be granted a deferral from such a referral. It is valid until the age of 24.
Transport
To meet the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations, the TCC and JV have the right to withdraw the necessary transport at the request of state authorities.
The military transport duty applies to:
- central and local executive authorities;
- other state authorities;
- local self-government bodies;
- enterprises, institutions and organisations regardless of their form of ownership;
- citizens who own vehicles.
Vehicles of legal entities must be registered with the MCC and JV. Their managers must annually submit updated information on their availability and technical condition, as well as on citizens working in such vehicles.
In addition, under the new rules, Ukrainian citizens who own more than one vehicle may mobilise a vehicle for the needs of the military .
If a person owns several vehicles, the one that is most suitable for defence purposes will be seized.
It is worth noting that this includes not only cars, but also other types of transport. In particular, these may include tractors, self-propelled chassis, self-propelled agricultural, road construction and agricultural machinery.
The vehicle will be returned to the owner within 30 calendar days from the date of demobilisation. The procedure for compensation for damage to vehicles will be determined by the government.
Responsibilities of citizens:
- During mobilisation, men between the ages of 18 and 60 are required to carry a military registration document and present it at the request of authorised persons.
- Credentials can be updated through administrative service centres or an electronic cabinet.
- Appearance upon call to the MCC and JIC for military registration, medical examination, and determination of assignment for a special period.
- Notification of the reasons for non-arrival on time.
- Obligatory attendance at assembly points upon call or summons.
- Possible involvement in defence work and mobilisation tasks.
- Provision of property, buildings, and transport to the Armed Forces, other military formations, and civil defence forces with compensation for the cost by the state.
- Conscripts and reservists must be assigned to military units or formations for service.
- Prohibition of sending vehicles intended for manning the Armed Forces of Ukraine outside Ukraine or transferring them.
- Registration of an electronic account of a conscript, person liable for military service or a reservist (optional).
Measures of influence on citizens who do not fulfil the requirements of the Law, algorithm:
- If a citizen of Ukraine fails to fulfil his/her obligations, the head of the MCC and JV has the right to apply to the police for administrative detention and delivery. If detention is not possible for a number of reasons, the head of the TCC and JV sends a request to fulfil the duties by registered mail. The day of delivery of the demand is the day of receipt or refusal to receive it.
- If the obligations are not fulfilled within 10 days, the TCC and JV apply to the court for a temporary restriction of the right to drive vehicles until the demand is fulfilled or withdrawn.
- The court makes a decision.
- The requirement will be considered fulfilled only after the citizen has fulfilled his/her duties, and withdrawn only after the mobilisation is completed.
- After that, the CMC and JMC issues a document on the fulfilment of the requirement and sends a notification on the fulfilment of the requirement to the relevant authorities.
Postponement of conscription and reservation
The following citizens are eligible for postponement of conscription:
- Persons with disabilities I, II, III or temporarily unfit for service for health reasons
- Families with three or more children under the age of 18, single parents
- Adopters, guardians of orphans and children deprived of parental care
- Persons caring for sick family members
- Persons liable for military service of the 1st degree of kinship in families with members with disabilities of groups I, II
- Family members of those killed or missing in action during the anti-terrorist operation and other defence measures, family members of the fallen Heroes of Ukraine from the Heavenly Hundred
- Students enrolled in full-time or dual form of education, researchers and academic staff
- Officials of state bodies, members of parliament, judges, members of the government, employees of military administration
- Diplomatic officials, civil servants in the field of cybersecurity and IT (staff of the Verkhovna Rada, the Cabinet of Ministers, the Presidential Administration)
- Other persons specified by law.
The deferment may be applied for through the Unified State Register of Conscripts, Persons Liable for Military Service and Reservists on the basis of data from other state registers.
Persons liable for military service may be enlisted for military service under a contract upon their consent, even if they belong to the category of persons entitled to a deferment.
They are subject to reservation:
- Persons liable for military service in state bodies, local self-government bodies of categories “A” (all), “B” and “C” (up to 50%).
- In national security agencies, law enforcement agencies, courts, justice institutions and other public services.
- At mobilisation enterprises and those critical to the economy and defence, including the ultimate beneficial owners.
The procedure for reservations for other categories of servicemen, enterprises, institutions and organisations is established by legislation and regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; it includes criteria, a list of positions and professions, and the scope of reservations.
The procedure for military registration:
Conscripts. Citizens of Ukraine under the age of 25 who have passed a medical examination, arrived from abroad or from other parts of Ukraine, acquired Ukrainian citizenship, and those who have completed their service or sentence.
Persons liable for military service. Persons discharged from military service who held special ranks (police, prosecutors).
Reservists. Persons enrolled in the military operational reserve or who have signed a contract to serve in the military reserve.
Deregistered from the military register:
- Conscripts who have reached the age of 25, are called up for service, have completed basic military training, or are sent to alternative service.
- Persons liable for military service who have moved to another location, are called up for service, sent for alternative service, or enrolled in the military operational reserve.
- Reservists who have moved to another locality, are called up for service, are employed by civil defence authorities and units, or have reached the age limit for reserve service.
- Exclusion from the military register: deceased citizens, citizens declared missing or declared dead, who have ceased to be citizens of Ukraine, who are declared unfit for military service, who have reached the age limit for reserve service.
Motivation
When entering into the first contract, servicemen are entitled to compensation of 50% of the down payment on a mortgage loan and additional compensation of UAH 100,000 after the first year of service and another UAH 100,000 after the second year.
There are also no penalties for servicemen, no penalties and no interest on loans for servicemen and their families during the special period, except for housing and car loans.
They are also entitled to a UAH 150,000 certificate for the purchase of a vehicle upon conclusion of a contract, which is granted once in the first 3 months of the contract.
Soldiers are also entitled to rewards for destroyed enemy equipment and guaranteed leave.
